This research follows the evolution of intra-class relations between the Black elite, middle, and working classes within Detroit society from the Reconstruction period to 1936. By analyzing transformations of power and the inherited morals which accompanied these transfers, this essay will demonstrate how class relations within the African American community created distinctions within a designated urban space. This essay argues that Detroit's prominent Paradise Valley grew out of the Black Bottom community, which inextricably links the two separate entities into one. Ultimately, this research refutes historiographical debates which attempt to concretely bind these communities. Moreover, by blending academic debate to the voices of those who inhabited this community, this research also encapsulates the intersectionality of social memory and marries what and how we remember to urban spaces, race, and intra-class relations within Detroit in the early twentieth century.

Original Article

The Great Lakes Journal of Undergraduate History

The Great Lakes Journal of Undergraduate History

https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/gljuh/vol8/iss1/6

Emma C. Grant

Throughout the mid to late nineteenth century, Henry Bibb and Mary Ann Shadd were known to be highly accomplished and recognized abolitionists. Both Shadd and Bibb worked in the Detroit-Windsor region and resided in Windsor-Essex for a number of years. As a part of their efforts, Shadd and Bibb were editors of their own newspapers targeted towards educating fugitive slaves, Bibb’s being The Voice of the Fugitive and Shadd’s being The Provincial Freeman. The abolitionists often worked together but also had a fair share of differences. There has been research that discusses the works of Shadd and Bibb, and the differences they demonstrated through their efforts, but little attention is paid to how these differences are influenced by intersectionality and their own upbringings. This essay will use the individual lives and identities of Shadd and Bibb to observe the varying opinions and views as expressed in their newspapers. These conclusions will help determine how their identities influenced who may have been supportive of their views.

Original Article

The Great Lakes Journal of Undergraduate History

The Great Lakes Journal of Undergraduate History

https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/gljuh/vol8/iss1/5

Karleigh R. Kochaniec

This paper discusses perceptions of the Batak of North Sumatra popular among nineteenth-century European audiences and their continuity in the tourism industry and tourist descriptions. In particular, tourist dynamics in the Batak region of Lake Toba are contextualised and interpreted by identifying how local culture has reacted to tourist demand and tourist depictions of the locals and their culture. The paper undertakes a historiographical survey of nineteenth-century European writings that ascribe a “violent,” “primitive,” and “cannibalistic” character to the Batak to illustrate prevailing perceptions of the time. These findings are interpreted through a conceptual analysis that integrates Foucauldian discourse theory, Orientalism, Stuart Hall’s “the West and the Rest,” hegemony as well as some elements of Marxist-Leninist material history. This analysis of modern tourism dynamics in Lake Toba is thus argued to illustrate how colonial perceptions and power relations have maintained currency through tourism.

Original Article

The Great Lakes Journal of Undergraduate History

The Great Lakes Journal of Undergraduate History

https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/gljuh/vol8/iss1/4

Kai Siallagan

Suicide amongst slaves in antebellum America occurred frequently enough that systems of control were put in place by slave owners to limit their occurrence. Meanwhile, abolitionists used instances of slave suicide to evoke sympathy and advance their cause. This article explores how and why conceptualizations of white and black suicide differed. In doing so, it argues that contemporary discourse about slave suicide was intentionally used to shape racist perceptions as a means of maintaining control over slaves and the institution of slavery alike.

Original Article

The Great Lakes Journal of Undergraduate History

The Great Lakes Journal of Undergraduate History

https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/gljuh/vol8/iss1/3

Austin Tyrrell

For centuries, the United States (U.S.) has euphemised their imperial endeavours across North America as they have continued to rely on ‘providence’ to justify American expansionism and colonialism. This connection between an ordained destiny and imperialism is observed within the realm of Hawaii with Bostonian missionaries. Sponsored by the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (ABCFM), Bostonian evangelists embarked the ship Thaddeus, entering Hawaii in 1819 with the intent to civilize what they perceived as an uncivilized nation. Notably, concepts of ‘civil’ and ‘uncivilized’ are culturally determined and are intricately tied to America’s belief in their own exceptionalism. At large, this paper is examining the way American identity and thinking(s) about their own exceptionalism manifested on the ground via imperial pursuits in Honolulu, Hawaii. While the connection between ‘providence’ and American imperialism is not new, this paper will focus on the ‘how’ and ‘why’ of American expansionism, the latter question being answered through an analysis of Christian belief structures that have generated America’s belief in their own superiority. This research strives to expose primarily that America is not innocent in their colonial efforts. While Bostonian moral reformists in Hawaii claimed that their mission was anti-imperial, actions on the ground in part of the missionaries proved otherwise and, as this paper will show, an informal empire gradually figured itself as a formal empire by way of direct colonial control. The ‘how’ of American imperialism in Hawaii will be examined through a Marxist approach. As Karl Marx essentially critiques the hypocritical nature of schooling, this paper argues that education and religion hindered the potential of Indigenous pupils and were therefore used as tools to create a self-sustaining lower class for the exploitation of capital.

Original Article

The Great Lakes Journal of Undergraduate History

The Great Lakes Journal of Undergraduate History

https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/gljuh/vol8/iss1/2

Tea Sekaric

By Anastasia Pirrami The nonprofit group Perch America has been stocking thousands of walleye into Wolf Lake for 24 of the last 25 years, creating a rich fishery for the small community of Hammond, Indiana. Anglers concerned about commercial fisheries over harvesting fish in the southern part of Lake Michigan, including Wolf Lake, formed the […]

The post Indiana group stocks walleye for 24 years first appeared on Great Lakes Echo.

Original Article

Great Lakes Echo

Great Lakes Echo

http://greatlakesecho.org/2023/01/17/indiana-group-stocks-walleye-for-24-years/

Guest Contributor

...PATCHY DENSE FOG EXPECTED THIS MORNING... Look for areas of fog, locally dense, at times across all of northeast Wisconsin this morning. The fog will lower visibilities to below 1 mile with some locations approaching one quarter of a mile at times. Motorists are urged to exercise caution early this morning as the

Original Article

Current Watches, Warnings and Advisories for Brown (WIC009) Wisconsin Issued by the National Weather Service

Current Watches, Warnings and Advisories for Brown (WIC009) Wisconsin Issued by the National Weather Service

https://alerts.weather.gov/cap/wwacapget.php?x=WI126630F17914.SpecialWeatherStatement.126630F1FF10WI.GRBSPSGRB.3b77a733acfe35fc01f412b80021d336

w-nws.webmaster@noaa.gov

...PATCHY DENSE FOG EXPECTED EARLY THIS MORNING... Look for areas of fog, locally dense, across central, east- central, and northeast Wisconsin early this morning. The fog will lower visibilities to below 1 mile with some locations approaching one quarter of a mile at times. Motorists are urged to exercise caution early this morning as the

Original Article

Current Watches, Warnings and Advisories for Brown (WIC009) Wisconsin Issued by the National Weather Service

Current Watches, Warnings and Advisories for Brown (WIC009) Wisconsin Issued by the National Weather Service

https://alerts.weather.gov/cap/wwacapget.php?x=WI126630F0EF94.SpecialWeatherStatement.126630F189E0WI.GRBSPSGRB.f4de8f98f175609e27461b721fccf57a

w-nws.webmaster@noaa.gov

Climate change is already affecting the Great Lakes. The Great Lakes Commission is urging the Great Lakes states and Canadian provinces through an “Action Plan for a Resilient Great Lakes Basin” to coordinate their efforts to make the Great Lakes basin more resilient to those changes. Read the full story by Michigan Radio.

Original Article

Great Lakes Commission

Great Lakes Commission

https://www.glc.org/dailynews/20230116-climate

Patrick Canniff

Both Michigan and the wider Great Lakes and St. Lawrence binational region could become a world leader in the high-quality, voluntary carbon offset market to the possible tune of $783 billion in revenues by 2050, according to new research from the University of Michigan. Read the full story by MLive.

Original Article

Great Lakes Commission

Great Lakes Commission

https://www.glc.org/dailynews/20230116-carbon-offsets

Patrick Canniff

The Great Lakes region is in the early stages of knitting together economic development, transportation, and environmental improvement programs in a way that could leverage more federal investment and foster networking between academic and private-industry researchers under the proposed Great Lakes Authority. Read the full story by The Toledo Blade.

Original Article

Great Lakes Commission

Great Lakes Commission

https://www.glc.org/dailynews/20230116-great-lakes-authority

Patrick Canniff

A newly formed coalition called Great Lakes Clean Hydrogen in the Toledo area has been chosen to proceed in a national competition to become one of the Biden Administration and U.S. Department of Energy’s first “Hydrogen Hubs.” Read the full story by The Toledo Blade.

Original Article

Great Lakes Commission

Great Lakes Commission

https://www.glc.org/dailynews/20230116-hydrogen

Patrick Canniff

A coalition of Indigenous and non-Indigenous quarry opponents on Lake Huron is trying to stop a quarry that could harm endangered Blanding’s turtles. It’s one example of a wider provincial dispute over aggregate extraction in Ontario. Read the full story by The Narwhal.

Original Article

Great Lakes Commission

Great Lakes Commission

https://www.glc.org/dailynews/20230116-turtle-quarry

Patrick Canniff

City of Hamilton, ON officials have announced that roughly 59 million litres of sewage had flowed from 11 Hamilton homes near Rutherford Avenue and Myrtle Avenue straight into Lake Ontario since 1996. A separate 337-million-litre sewage spill was discovered in late November. Read the full story by CBC News.

Original Article

Great Lakes Commission

Great Lakes Commission

https://www.glc.org/dailynews/20230116-wastewater

Patrick Canniff

A helicopter crew from the Coast Guard’s Air Station Traverse City recently worked with an Aids to Navigation Team from Coast Guard Sector Sault Ste Marie to get things working again at two lighthouses approximately 20 miles west of the Mackinac Bridge: the Grays Reef Light and the White Shoal Light. Read the full story by MLive.

Original Article

Great Lakes Commission

Great Lakes Commission

https://www.glc.org/dailynews/20230116-lighthouse-repairs

Patrick Canniff

NOAA’s Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory keeps track of the ice cover percentage each day and has built a database of average ice cover, record high ice cover and record low ice cover. Graphs shared by NOAA displaying current ice cover in contrast to past years over the Great Lakes, show the region is set up for record low ice coverage by mid-January. Read the full story by MLive.

 

Original Article

Great Lakes Commission

Great Lakes Commission

https://www.glc.org/dailynews/20230116-low-ice

Patrick Canniff

Two ground-breaking projects are underway at Illinois Beach State Park. The first will help protect the shoreline from erosion caused by Lake Michigan waves, and the second will inform future decisions about how to blunt the effects of erosion and climate change. Read the full story by River Bender.

 

Original Article

Great Lakes Commission

Great Lakes Commission

https://www.glc.org/dailynews/20230116-erosion

Patrick Canniff

I Speak for the Fish: And the survey says…

My survey was admittedly small.

I polled one 10-year-old and 30 adults ranging in age from their early 20s to mid-50s. I had a fairly even representation of genders and races. About half were on a college campus, the other half I approached on a public boardwalk.

I limited my poll to one person per social cluster to prevent parroting of the same responses.

Read Now at Great Lakes Now.

Original Article

Great Lakes Now

Great Lakes Now

https://www.greatlakesnow.org/2023/01/i-speak-for-the-fish-and-the-survey-says/

Kathy Johnson

A research team is investigating how to convert carbon dioxide exhaust produced by the burning of fossil fuels into fuel.

The post Pipedream: Researchers hope to convert exhaust into fuel first appeared on Great Lakes Echo.

Original Article

Great Lakes Echo

Great Lakes Echo

http://greatlakesecho.org/2023/01/16/pipedream-researchers-hope-to-convert-exhaust-into-fuel/

Guest Contributor

News

Great Lakes Commission releases report on uses of Great Lakes water in 2021

ANN ARBOR, MI – A report released by the Great Lakes Commission finds that 37.5 billion gallons of water per day were withdrawn from the Great Lakes basin in 2021, representing about a 1% decrease from 2020 withdrawals. According to the 2021 Annual Report of the Great Lakes Regional Water Use Database, thermoelectric power production, public water supply, and industrial use were the primary water use sectors. Only 5% of the total reported water withdrawn was consumed or otherwise lost from the basin. Considering both consumptive use and diversions, the basin gained a total of 156 million gallons of water per day in 2021.

The report’s findings were shared at the December meeting of the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence River Water Resources Regional Body and the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence River Basin Compact Council. Since 1988, the eight states and two provinces in the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence River basin have submitted water use data to the Great Lakes Commission. The GLC compiles and summarizes these datasets into an annual report, which is presented to the Regional Body and Compact Council.

“The Great Lakes Commission provides an essential regional service by annually coordinating and publishing water use data for Great Lakes jurisdictions,” said Timothy Bruno, Great Lakes Commissioner, coordinator of Great Lakes programs at the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection, and immediate past chair of the Regional Body. “The states and provinces will be confronted with increasingly complex water use questions in the future; we must know how much water we have, how much we’re using, and how much we can expect to be renewed to assure the sustainability of the resource both now and in the future.”

To read the report, visit waterusedata.glc.org. To view a fact sheet summarizing the 2021 report, click here.


The Great Lakes Commission, led by chair Todd L. Ambs, deputy secretary of the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (retired), is a binational government agency established in 1955 to protect the Great Lakes and the economies and ecosystems they support. Its membership includes leaders from the eight U.S. states and two Canadian provinces in the Great Lakes basin. The GLC recommends policies and practices to balance the use, development, and conservation of the water resources of the Great Lakes and brings the region together to work on issues that no single community, state, province, or nation can tackle alone. Learn more at www.glc.org.

Contact

For media inquiries, please contact Beth Wanamaker, beth@glc.org.

Recent GLC News

Upcoming GLC Events

View GLC Calendar

Archives

Original Article

Great Lakes Commission

Great Lakes Commission

https://www.glc.org/news/water-use-database-011322

Beth Wanamaker

January 14 is the midpoint of meteorological winter, and so far, the seasonal temperatures have been above average across most of the United States. As a result, there are fewer days with temperatures below freezing, which has led to a lack of ice over the Great Lakes. Read the full story by WLNS- TV – Lansing, MI.

 

Original Article

Great Lakes Commission

Great Lakes Commission

https://www.glc.org/dailynews/20230113-great-lakes-ice

Connor Roessler

A major scientific study aimed to find the best way to allow a certain species of fish swim upstream, now sits in a legal limbo as the Michigan Supreme Court decides whether to consider the case. Read the full story by MLive.

 

Original Article

Great Lakes Commission

Great Lakes Commission

https://www.glc.org/dailynews/20230113-fish-research

Connor Roessler

A wetter atmosphere and slower freezing of the Great Lakes has made wintertime temperature increases in Wisconsin cities Milwaukee and Green Bay among the highest in the nation as research projects that rises will continue. Read the full story by PBS Wisconsin.

 

Original Article

Great Lakes Commission

Great Lakes Commission

https://www.glc.org/dailynews/20230113-climate-change-wisconsin

Connor Roessler

Until now, such a two-year water quality environmental technology degree was nonexistent.

The post New Northwestern Michigan College two-year degree readies students for water technology jobs first appeared on Great Lakes Echo.

Original Article

Great Lakes Echo

Great Lakes Echo

http://greatlakesecho.org/2023/01/13/new-northwestern-michigan-college-two-year-degree-readies-students-for-water-technology-jobs/

Guest Contributor

Energy News Roundup: Community programs to provide solar for low-income residents in Illinois, Ohio

Keep up with energy-related developments in the Great Lakes area with Great Lakes Now’s biweekly headline roundup.

Click on the headline to read the full story:

 

Illinois

  • Chicago company brings climate-friendly development to communities that need it most — Energy News Network

A project that combines energy efficiency, solar power and electrification is part of developer A.J.

Read Now at Great Lakes Now.

Original Article

Great Lakes Now

Great Lakes Now

https://www.greatlakesnow.org/2023/01/energy-news-roundup-programs-provide-solar-low-income-illinois-ohio/

Kathy Johnson

As noted in the nomination, the lighthouse represents four areas of significance: its maritime history, architecture, engineering and transportation. 

The post Wisconsin lighthouse added to the National Register of Historic Places first appeared on Great Lakes Echo.

Original Article

Great Lakes Echo

Great Lakes Echo

http://greatlakesecho.org/2023/01/12/wisconsin-lighthouse-added-to-the-national-register-of-historic-places/

Guest Contributor

The EPA has not been active at Wurtsmith since 2014, when it ended participation in cleanup after the Department of Defense (DOD) stopped funding its involvement. The state has struggled to obtain compliance from the Air Force, which has pushed back strongly on EGLE’s oversight and enforcement attempts. The result has been years of poor communication, technical and legal disputes and Air Force refusal to accept responsibility for PFAS in many areas. Read the full story by MLive. 

Original Article

Great Lakes Commission

Great Lakes Commission

https://www.glc.org/dailynews/20230111-epa-fortwursmith-pollutioncleanup

Hannah Reynolds

The New York State Energy Research and Development Authority released a study saying the economics don’t support putting wind turbines in the Great Lakes of Erie and Ontario. The Great Lakes Wind project, as proposed, doesn’t offer the same benefits to the electric grid as other offshore wind projects while relying on unproven technologies that call the project’s effectiveness into doubt. Read the full story by the Observer Today. 

Original Article

Great Lakes Commission

Great Lakes Commission

https://www.glc.org/dailynews/20230111-statestudy-windturbines

Hannah Reynolds

The Lower Fox River basin covers four counties including Brown, Claumet, Outagamie and Winnebago.  The clean-up on the Lower Fox River focused on polychlorinated biphenyl compounds (PCBs). Although the clean-up itself was completed in 2020, a final stage known as a state closure was only recently approved. Read the full story by the Wisconsin Examiner. 

Original Article

Great Lakes Commission

Great Lakes Commission

https://www.glc.org/dailynews/20230111-lowerfoxriver-pcbcleanup

Hannah Reynolds

It is well known that birds are constantly shifting their migration patterns to adjust to many factors from coastlines to industrial and other constructed structures, but the Great Lakes have now been found to be another factor. Read the full story by Great Lakes Echo.

Original Article

Great Lakes Commission

Great Lakes Commission

https://www.glc.org/dailynews/20230111-greatlakes-birdmigrationpatterns

Hannah Reynolds

The damage from the Blizzard of 2022 is evident along many sections of Buffalo’s waterfront. Some experts think that more natural barriers, such as vegetation, should be used along the shoreline, versus hardened walls. Read the full story by WGRZ-TV – Buffalo, NY.

Original Article

Great Lakes Commission

Great Lakes Commission

https://www.glc.org/dailynews/20230111-protectinglakeerie-shoreline-storms

Hannah Reynolds

The city of Hamilton, Ontario, says it has uncovered another sewage leak that has been dumping waste into Lake Ontario for more than two decades. The revelation comes after the city reported in November that a leak discovered to be from 1996 had dumped 337 million liters of sewage into the Hamilton harbor in the 26 years it went undetected. Read the full story by the Toronto Sun.

Original Article

Great Lakes Commission

Great Lakes Commission

https://www.glc.org/dailynews/20230111-hamilton-sewageleak-lakeontario

Hannah Reynolds

Captains from across the Great Lakes area gathered in Traverse City, Michigan, for the annual Industry Days conference. The conference focuses on learning from each other and how to keep passengers on ferries, tour boats and other mid-sized boats safe while out on the water. Read the full story by WPBN – Traverse City, MI.

Original Article

Great Lakes Commission

Great Lakes Commission

https://www.glc.org/dailynews/20230111-captains-greatlakes-traversecity

Hannah Reynolds

Michigan author and Great Lakes historian Ric Mixter is speaking in Bay City this month on his latest book, “Tattletale Sounds: The Edmund Fitzgerald Investigations,” which promises new information on the wreck nearly half a century later. Read the full story by MLive.

Original Article

Great Lakes Commission

Great Lakes Commission

https://www.glc.org/dailynews/20230111-newinfo-edmundfitzgerald

Hannah Reynolds

...WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY NOW IN EFFECT UNTIL 11 AM CST THIS MORNING... * WHAT...Light freezing rain or freezing drizzle expected. Some snow could also mix in at times, especially north of Mosinee and Shawano. * WHERE...Portions of central, east central, north central, and

Original Article

Current Watches, Warnings and Advisories for Brown (WIC009) Wisconsin Issued by the National Weather Service

Current Watches, Warnings and Advisories for Brown (WIC009) Wisconsin Issued by the National Weather Service

https://alerts.weather.gov/cap/wwacapget.php?x=WI12663096A520.WinterWeatherAdvisory.126630970DD0WI.GRBWSWGRB.48c887eef25dddad542811c9422d2299

w-nws.webmaster@noaa.gov

...WINTER WEATHER ADVISORY NOW IN EFFECT UNTIL 10 AM CST THIS MORNING... * WHAT...Light freezing rain or freezing drizzle expected. * WHERE...Portions of central, east central, north central, and northeast Wisconsin. * WHEN...Until 10 AM CST this morning.

Original Article

Current Watches, Warnings and Advisories for Brown (WIC009) Wisconsin Issued by the National Weather Service

Current Watches, Warnings and Advisories for Brown (WIC009) Wisconsin Issued by the National Weather Service

https://alerts.weather.gov/cap/wwacapget.php?x=WI126630963694.WinterWeatherAdvisory.12663096E6C0WI.GRBWSWGRB.48c887eef25dddad542811c9422d2299

w-nws.webmaster@noaa.gov

Since seeking refuge on land leads to higher concentrations of birds on coastlines, the next impacted factor is birds' health. 

The post Study finds Great Lakes influence bird migration patterns first appeared on Great Lakes Echo.

Original Article

Great Lakes Echo

Great Lakes Echo

http://greatlakesecho.org/2023/01/11/study-finds-great-lakes-influence-bird-migration-patterns/

Guest Contributor